Variation and Change of Upwelling Dynamics Detected in the World’s Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems

Global increases in temperature are altering land-sea gradients. Bakun (1990) hypothesized that changes within these gradients will directly affect atmospheric pressure cells associated with the development of winds and consequently impact upwelling patterns ecologically important Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS). In this study we used daily time series NOAA Optimally Interpolated sea surface (SST) ERA 5 reanalysis wind products to calculate a novel metrics related dynamics. We then use objectively describe signals terms their frequency, intensity duration throughout four EBUS during summer months over last 37 years (1982–2019). found decrease (increase) SST is an increase (decrease) number “events,” upwelling, cumulative differences between regions EBUS. The Humboldt Current only shows consistent response from north south general intensification upwelling. However, could not provide clear evidence for dynamics drive